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Portrait of a Computer Scientist

Claude Johnson between videotex and the microcomputer:

Profession: super-programmer!

by Marc Sévigny

Claude Johnson

Claude Johnson: a former sailor — swept up by the wave of the microcomputer and videotex.

Physics, meteorology, biology, archaeology — Claude Johnson has dabbled in all of these fields. He was even a sailor! And where does computing fit into all of this? First an element of his scientific training, it became a hobby, then finally a career. He accomplished what many believed impossible, such as adapting Télidon technology to the microcomputer.

His products proved so compelling that they gave birth to a company: Formic, Inc., which currently employs eight people and whose revenues will reach one million dollars this year.

A hunger to learn

Claude Johnson's ideal would have been to explore a new field of study every year. After completing a bachelor's degree in physics, he undertook two successive master's projects: one in biophysics, which he soon abandoned for archaeology. But his eclecticism caused him some difficulties managing his studies, so he decided to redirect himself by taking courses in meteorology. The courses excited him, but the work that followed did not.

Passionate about travel, Claude Johnson managed to find work aboard merchant marine vessels. "The pay was good," he says, "and it allowed me to take long vacations and travel freely." He spent time in Europe, Asia, and Peru, where he met his future wife.

Between voyages, Claude Johnson kept busy. He went to teach biology in Sept-Îles for a year, then returned to Montréal where, after earning a teaching certificate, he began giving evening courses in computing.

The Apple Club and Vidéotron

It was with the arrival of microcomputers that he truly developed his passion for computing and made it his primary activity. The founding, five years ago, of an Apple microcomputer enthusiasts' club played a role in this. The club brought together a handful of people — many of them computing professionals — who saw the microcomputer as a hobby and wanted to share their experiences and discoveries. It gave Claude Johnson the opportunity to deepen his knowledge of the new tool, which soon led him to explore the world of electronics and logic circuits. He did so well that the Université du Québec didn't hesitate to hire him to continue his research in the computer science department.

"At that point," he recalls, "good micro programmers were rare, and when I found myself at Vidéotron setting up the computing department, I was my own boss." At Vidéotron, he created games and translated American software as part of an experiment in distributing content to subscribers over a telephone line.

They were also experimenting with cable-based videotex transmission, using the Télidon graphical page-creation protocol, which was then in full development. Tasked with using the microcomputer to produce a simulation of Télidon over cable while a more costly technology was being put in place, Claude Johnson once again found a way to astonish everyone. When people realized the quality of the "Télidon simulation" he had created on a micro, he was entrusted with pushing his research further toward a pure and simple adaptation of Télidon on the Apple microcomputer. This meant creating specialized software to replace what had previously required much larger systems like Norpak, and making it compatible with existing standards.

Microcréatif and Formic

It was after more than three years at Vidéotron that Claude Johnson decided to start his own company, Microcréatif, to take on various contracts as a programmer, software translator, and Télidon expert. He worked for the Québec Ministry of Education and the federal Department of Communications. "I was getting more contracts than I could handle," he says, "so I could choose what interested me most" — meaning work that demanded a certain creativity or aligned with his own interests as a programmer.

Alongside his work at Microcréatif, Claude Johnson revisited programs he had originally developed in Basic at Vidéotron, this time rewriting them in assembly language, with which he had become more familiar. He created a number of original products that he was able to commercialize through Formic, a company he later joined as a full partner.

Micro-videotex

Among Claude Johnson's principal achievements is a page-creation program integrating a palette of 220,000 colours, designed for a microcomputer paired with a Télidon decoder. He also developed a Télidon Basic (Basitel) for the Ministry of Education, featuring interactive functions, as well as software for building standalone databases made up of pages stored on disk. In essence, this represents a comprehensive integration of videotex for the microcomputer. Another area of research pursued by Claude Johnson at Formic is the multi-user, or network, option — allowing several users to access a shared pool of pages simultaneously.

Formic is responsible for distributing the full range of software developed primarily by Claude Johnson. The company also creates components and new tools, whether for technical adaptations, for supporting a larger user base, or for platforms designed primarily for page distribution.

At the forefront

In microcomputer software, Claude Johnson explains, Formic is at the cutting edge — one or two years ahead of its competitors. This success is due, of course, to the flexible and economical approach of micro-videotex, but also to a constant drive to innovate. On the technical side, for example, Formic designed a 220K ROM card that serves as a logical storage system at a cost of approximately $150, replacing the equivalent of $10,000 worth of stored software.

All of this on a micro? People didn't believe it was possible. Claude Johnson made a specialty of doing the impossible. After five years in the field, he shows no sign of slowing down. At home, he is developing highly technical application software for his own personal use — including flight simulation programs. For now, he is eagerly awaiting the arrival on the market of more powerful microcomputers to bring some of his projects to fruition.

It is somewhat ironic that Claude Johnson has settled into a single field of interest — he who once wanted to change direction every year. But perhaps it's too soon to say: I've heard him mention that genetic engineering is starting to catch his attention...

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